Schizm,
I think we'll have to agree to disagree about the identities of the beasts/heads/horns of Daniel and Revelation. The first thing I researched after leaving the JWs was what these books were actually about and whether they had any meaning for us today. I came to the conclusion that the books of Daniel and Revelation were simply apocalyptic denunciations of the Greek Seleucid persecutions of 167/164 BC and the Roman persecution of 93-96 AD respectively.
I have discarded the Watchtower-esque view that the fourth beast of Daniel 7 is Rome. That beast is Greece. In fact every prophecy in Daniel is aimed specifically at one person, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the Greek Seleucid king who persecuted the Jews. He is the ?little horn? that appears out of the Greek he-goat in chapter 8. He is the horn from the fourth beast in chapter 7 that makes war with the saints. He is the King of the North who ?takes away the continual burnt offering? in chapter 11. (see 1 Maccabees 1:57 which says: ?On the fifteenth day of the month Casleu, in the hundred and forty-fifth year, king Antiochus set up the abominable idol of desolation upon the altar of God?).
The amount of detail about the Syrian wars given by Daniel in chapter 11 shows that the book itself was written sometime between the desolation of the temple by Antiochus Epiphanes in December 167BC and his death in 164BC. The book does not predict the Roman Empire and has nothing to do with our modern era. It is an apocalyptic written during the Seleucid persecution and the Maccabean uprising.
As for the eighth king in Revelation, that would be Emperor Domitian (81-96 AD). The author makes it seem as thought the book was written during the reign of Vespasian (69-79 AD) although it was written later. This was a common literary technique in apocalyptic works of the time. Revelation draws heavily on the imagery of Daniel. The five kings who have fallen would be Augustus, Tiberius, Gaius Calligula, Claudius and Nero, the one 'who is' would be Vespasian, and the one who was to appear for a little while was Titus who ruled for only 2 years.
The eighth king was Domitian who not only persecuted Christians in Rome as Nero had but also throughout the empire. Eusebius in Ecclesiastical History III.17 writes: "Domitian showed himself the successor of Nero in enmity and hostility to God. He was the second to organise persecution against us, though his father Vespasian had had no mischievous designs against us."
So the beast that 'was' (Nero) 'wasn't' when Vespasian ruled, but 'will be' again during the rule of Domitian. The author here was borrowing from the legend of 'Nero Redivivus' to further denounce Domitian. The legend said that Nero had not in fact killed himself but had gone East to join the Parthians and would one day return. The author of Revelation links the return of the beast to the second persecution under Emperor Domitian.
So I don't really worry now who the 'eighth king' is, or who the 'little horn' is, or who the 'king of the north' is etc, because they all died about 2000 years ago!
CF.